کلام خدا از زبان محمد مصطفی(ص)، سخن با خدا
============>>>برای ظهور امام عصر مهدی موعود(عج) صلوات<<<============کلام خدا از زبان محمد مصطفی(ص)، سخن با خدا
============>>>برای ظهور امام عصر مهدی موعود(عج) صلوات<<<============A Channel for Transfer of Culture
Abstracts
Hira, a Channel for Transfer of Culture
Mssood Safari
Despite Al-Hirah's cultural influence on He history of Arabia, the lranian scholars and historians have largely dealt with its political role, in the past, neglecting its important
cultural function in the Sassanian - dominated parts of Arabia.
This article tries to trace Hira's footprints in the cultural life of Arabia, both before and after Islam, and discuss and review its implications.
In line with this objective, while having a general review of Hira's geography and history, we
will investigate the role of Hira in familiarizing the Arabs of Arabia with different religions,
spreading the culture of Sassanian Persia among them, introducing writing to them, etc.
A Glance at Why the Modern Value System Did
Not Develop in Mecca in Early Islam
Shabnam Barzegar-Inanloo
The Prophet of Islam was born, raised, and given his prophetic call in the city of black
mountains, Mecca. He preached his divine message to the Meccans secretly and openly for
thirteen years. He made many followers and won over a great number of Keen hearts from
outside Mecca. Those who answered his call stayed and migrated with him even in the face of
torture and to the extent of sacrificing their lives, and those who denied him went as far as to
assassinate him, though unsuccessfully, and hence the epic of Laylah-tal-Mabit was brought to
life. So, to safeguard and continue delivering his divine message, the Prophet set out for
Yathrib (Medina) to test new ways of preaching his heavenly revelation.
A Second look at why and how the modern order did not develop in Mecca better depicts the
features and constituent elements of the Meccan civilization and culture in Early Islam. The
illustration of the contrast between the ancient and new orders in this Mother of Cities
(Mecca) has been the main objective of this investigation.
An Age-old Text about Ahl-ul-Dhimmah
Yoones Farahmand
The way Muslim rulers and Khalifahs dealt with ahl-ul-dhimmah (the protected people) who
lived in the protection of the Muslim state is among the important and considerable issues in
the Islamic culture and civilization. Islam's just and humanitarian approach gave ahl-ul-Kitab
(the people of the book) the opportunity to earn certain rights and privileges, through a
treaty, while accepting certain other duties and obligations and considering themselves
responsible to the relevant Islamic authority. The aim of this article is to present an age-old
text on ahl-ul-dhimmah and examine their rights and obligations under Muslim rule.
The Political and Religious Conditions of Iran
at the Advent of Islam
Hossein Moftakhari
Why and how the religion of Islam spread relatively quickly in Iran in the early Muslim
centuries is among topics that still attracts scholars in the field of history. To Know the
religious and political conditions of Iran on the eve of the Muslim Arab arrival helps us better
understand the factors and reasons for the Iranians' denial of their former religion and
conversion to Islam. The contention of the present article is that in its final years, the
Sasanian Empire was entangled in various domestic religious and political crises, a factor that
was more instrumental in its fall than all other causes.
An Investigation on the Inheritance of Uncles
and Daughters
Mohammad-Hasan Elahizadeh
The inheritance of uncles and the inheritance of daughters is an issue on one side of which
were the Abbasids and on the other side stood the Alawites. In the jahiliyyah age (the
pre-Islamic period in Arabia) only the Male offspring had the right to inherit from their
ancestors. With the coming of Islam, however, this prejudiced practice was abolished.
In their struggle against the Umayyads and their coming in to power, the Abbasids extensively
used rallying cries belonging to Alawites and their followers. In the beginning, they even
attributed the legitimacy of their rule to Ali ibn Abi Talib, through Abu Hashim's will. Soon,
the rise of differences between the Abbasids and Alawites Caused the former to distance
themselves from the latler and claim that the khiafah was the heritage of Abbas , the uncle of
the Prophet. Based on the jahili practice that girls do not inherit from their ancestors , they
claimed Abbas, the only son of Abd-ul- Muttalib (the Prophet's grandfather) who was still
alive at the time of Muhammad's Passing, to be the true heir to the Prophet.
ln contrast, by citing Passages of the Qur¨an and resorting to rational explanations, the
Alawites tried to reject the Abbasid pretense. And hence, the controversy over the
inheritance of uncles and the inheritance of daughters was aroused in the political and
intellectual circles around the Muslim Khilafah.
In this concise article, we have tried to discuss the genesis of the concept of the inheritance of
uncles, its roots, and the Alawite reaction, in particular that of the Ahl-al-Bayt (the Prophet's
Household), to it.
The Judicial System in Post - Islamic Iran
Sayyed Hasan Amin
With the fall of the Sasanian Dynasty in Iran, the Islamic system of law gradually replaced the
Zoroastrian legal order. One of the major motives for Iranians to accept Islam was the new
religion's emphasis on judgement among the people in Medina himself, but for distant places
he sent one of his Companions to conduct trials and settle disputes. In the period of the
Rashidin (Guided) Kbalifahs, the judicial power was separated from the executive power
both becoming independent. From the beginning of Umayyad period to the early Abbasid
rule, the judiciary in the Muslim World, including Iran, was decentralized. Later the influence
of Iranian civilization, the organization of the judicial system was changed into a centralized
one; and the position of Gahadhi - al Ghudhat (chief justice) that was equal to the position of
Magaput of magi (chief magus) in the Sasanian Persia was created to supervise and oversee
the judicial function throughout the Abbasid realm. This judicial system, which was based on
the Sunni schools of law in both form and content, survived until the fall of the Abbasid
Dynasty at the hands of Hulegu.
The Bibliography of Nihayah - tul - Arab fi
Mؤrifah-ti ànsab-al-àrab
Mahmood Heydari-Aghai
Nihayah-tul-Arab fi Mؤrifah-ti Ansab-al-àrab, a book in àrab genealogy, is a valuable work by
ahmad ibn-i Abdullah Ghalghashandi (821AH). Ghalghashandi was a jurist, genealogist, Poet,
and literary figure. At 21 years of age,he was given the permission to teach figh¨h (Islamic
law) and issue fatwas (legal decress) in the Shafiص School of law. Later, by joining the divan of
insha (privy council of composition), he wroth Subh-al-Asha fi Kitabah-til-Insha. In addition to
these two genealogical and literary works, Ghalghashandi also wrote a number of books in
other branches of knowledge.
This paper is an effort in trying to put forth a major source in the field of genealogy.
Following the introduction, the paper introduces the writer and his works, describes
Nihayah-tul-Arab fi Mؤrifah-ti Ansab-al-àrab and its distinctiveness and advantages, and
discusses the sources of the book and the method used by its writer and reviser.
Divan (Privy Council) in Early Islam
Abbas Ahmadvand / Mansoreh Momeni
To know divan and divanocray is very instrumental in understanding the administrative
organization of the Muslims. This is especially significant because until before the foundation
of the safavid dyasty in Iran, and probably of other contemporany dynasties in other
countries, divan had been the only major adminintrative system in the Muslim
World.
Literally speaking, divan is referred to a collection of poetry, a book of records written in
prose, or a specific administrative unit of government.
There had been various kinds of divans in the past each of which functioned in the capacity of
a ministry in modern times. In this paper, the invention of divan, its historical evolution, the
different types of divan, their relations with each other, and their effects on one another are
discussed.
Relations between Iran and Egypt from the
Advent of Islam to the Fatimid Period
Nasr-Allah Salehi
The article the translation of which follows is a research, based on original resources, to shed
light on Iran-Egypt relations in the first three centuries AH.
